Unit I
SELF-AWARENESS(WHO) & POSITIVE THINKING(UNICEF)
Unit II
EMPATHY
Unit III
CRITICAL & CREATIVE THINKING
Unit IV
Part of Speech
4.1 Articles
4.2 Noun
4.3 Pronoun
4.4 Verb
4.5 Adverb
4.6 Adjective
4.7 Preposition
Unit V
Paragraph and Essay Writing
5.1 Descriptive
5.2 Expository
5.3 Persuasive
5.4 Narrative
Reading Comprehension
Unit – I
INTRODUCTION: The essence of computational problem solving – Limits of computational problem solving-Computer algorithms-Computer Hardware Computer Software-The process of computational problem solving-Python programming language – Literals – Variables and Identifiers – Operators – Expressions and Data types, Input / output.
Unit – II
CONTROL STRUCTURE: Boolean Expressions – Selection Control – If Statement Indentation in Python- Multi-Way Selection — Iterative Control- While Statement- Infinite loops- Definite vs. Indefinite Loops- Boolean Flag. String, List and Dictionary, Manipulations Building blocks of python programs, Understanding and using ranges.
Unit – III
FUNCTIONS: Program Routines- Defining Functions- More on Functions: Calling Value-Returning Functions- Calling Non-Value-Returning Functions- Parameter Passing – Keyword Arguments in Python – Default Arguments in Python-Variable Scope. Recursion: Recursive Functions.
Unit – IV
OBJECTS AND THEIE USE : Software Objects – Turtle Graphics – Turtle attributes Modular Design: Modules – Top-Down Design – Python Modules – Text Files: Opening, reading and writing text files – Exception Handling.
Unit – V
DICTIONARIES AND SETS: Dictionary type in Python – Set Data type. Object Oriented
Programming using Python: Encapsulation – Inheritance – Polymorphism. Python packages: Simple programs using the built-in functions of packages matplotlib, NumPy, pandas etc.
1. Program to convert the given temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius and vice versa depending upon user’s choice.
2. Write a Python program to construct the following pattern, using a nested loop
*
**
***
****
*****
****
***
**
*
3. Program to calculate total marks, percentage and grade of a student. Marks obtained in each of the five subjects are to be input by user. Assign grades according to the following criteria:
Grade A: Percentage >=80 Grade B: Percentage >=70 and 80 Grade C: Percentage >=60 and <70 Grade D: Percentage >=40 and <60 Grade E: Percentage < 40
4. Program, to find the area of rectangle, square, circle and triangle by accepting suitable input parameters from user.
5. Write a Python script that prints prime numbers less than 20.
6. Program to find factorial of the given number using recursive function.
7. Write a Python program to count the number of even and odd numbers from array of
N numbers.
8. Write a Python class to reverse a string word by word.
9. Given a tuple and a list as input, write a program to count the occurrences of all items
of the list in the tuple. (Input: tuple = (‘a’, ‘a’, ‘c’, ‘b’, ‘d’), list = [‘a’, ‘b’], Output: 3)
10. Create a Savings Account class that behaves just like a Bank Account, but also has an
interest rate and a method that increases the balance by the appropriate amount of
interest (Hint: use Inheritance).
11. Read a file content and copy only the contents at odd lines into a new file.
12. Create a Turtle graphics window with specific size.
13. Write a Python program for Towers of Hanoi using recursion
14. Create a menu driven Python program with a dictionary for words and their meanings.
15. Devise a Python program to implement the Hangman Game
Unit I
Summation of series: Binomial series -Exponential series – Logarithmic series -Simple Problems.
Unit II
Matrices: Symmetric– Skew-Symmetric–Hermitian– Skew Hermitian–Orthogonal and Unitary matrices–Cayley-Hamilton theorem (without proof) – Verification- Computation of inverse of matrix using Cayley – Hamilton theorem.
Unit III
Numerical Methods: Newton’s method to find a root approximately. Finite Differences: Interpolation: Operators,∆,∇,E,E–1 difference tables. Interpolation formulae: Newton’s forward and backward interpolation formulae for equal intervals, Lagrange’s interpolation formula.
Unit IV
Trigonometry: Expansions of sinn θ, cosn θ in a series of powers of sinθ and cosθ -Expansions of sin(nθ) and cos(nθ) in a series sines and cosines of multiplesof“θ”-Expansionsofsinθ,cosθ and tanθ in a series of powers of “θ”–Hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions .
Unit V
Differential Calculus: Successive differentiation, n th derivatives, Leibnitz theorem (without proof) and applications, Jacobians, maxima and minima of functions of two variables- Simple problems
Unit I
Introductory concepts: Hardware and Software – Memory unit – CPU-Input Devices:
Key board, Mouse and Scanner. Output devices: Monitor, Printer. Introduction to Operating systems – Introduction to Programming Languages.
Unit II
Word Processing: File menu operations – Editing text – tools, formatting, bullets and
numbering – Spell Checker – Document formatting – Paragraph alignment, indentation, headers and footers, printing – Preview, options, merge.
Unit III
Spreadsheets: Excel – opening, entering text and data, formatting, navigating; Formulas – entering, handling and copying
Unit IV
Charts – creating, formatting and printing, analysis tables, preparation of financial statements, introduction to data analytics.
Unit V
Power point: Introduction to Power point – Features – Understanding slide typecasting & viewing slides – creating slide shows. Applying special object – including objects & pictures – Slide transition – Animation effects, audio inclusion, timers.
Unit I
Understanding the Computer: – Introduction – Evolution of Computers – Generations of Computers – Classification of Computers – Computing Concepts – The Computer System – Applications of Computers. Computer Organisation and Architecture: – Introduction – Central Processing Unit – Internal Communications – Machine Cycle – The Bus – Instruction Set. Memory and Storage Systems: – Introduction – Memory Representation – Random Access Memory – Read Only Memory – Storage Systems – Magnetic Storage Systems – Optical Storage Systems – Magneto Optical Systems – Solid-state Storage Devices – Storage Evaluation Criteria. Input Devices: – Introduction – Keyboard – Pointing Devices – Scanning Devices – Optical Recognition Devices – Digital Camera – Voice Recognition System – Data Acquisition Sensors – Media Input Devices. Output Devices: – Introduction – Display Monitors – Printers – Impact Printers – Non-impact Printers – Plotters – Voice Output – Systems – Projectors – Terminals
Unit II
Computer Codes: – Introduction – Decimal System – Binary System – Hexadecimal System – Octal System – Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Systems – Unicode. Computer Arithmetic: – Introduction – Binary Addition – Binary Multiplication – Binary Subtraction – Binary Division – Signed/unsigned Numbers – Complements of Binary Numbers – Binary Subtraction Using Complements – Representing Numbers – Integer Arithmetic – Floating-point Arithmetic
Unit III
Boolean Algebra of Switching Circuits: – Introduction – Elements of Boolean Algebra – Basic Postulates of Boolean Algebra – Boolean Operations – Principle of Duality – Basic Laws of Boolean Algebra – De Morgan’s Theorem – Boolean Expressions. Logic Gates and Digital Circuits: – Introduction – Basic Logic Gates – Derived Logic Gates – Conversion of Boolean Functions – Adder Circuits – Flipflop Circuits – Application of Flip-flops. Computer Software: – Introduction – Types of Computer Software – System Management Programs – System Development Programs – Standard Application Programs – Unique Application Programs – Problem Solving – Structuring the Logic – Using the Computer
Unit IV
Operating Systems: – Introduction – History of Operating Systems – Functions of Operating Systems – Process Management – Memory Management – File Management – Device Management – Security Management – Types of Operating Systems – Providing User Interface – Popular Operating Systems. Programming Languages: – Introduction – History of Programming Languages – Generations of Programming Languages – Characteristics of a Good Programming Language – Categorisation of High-level Languages – Popular High-level Languages – Factors
Affecting the Choice of a Language – Developing a Program – Running a Program
Unit V
Data Communications and Networks: – Introduction – Data Communication Using Modem – Computer Network – Network Topologies – Network – Protocols and Software – Applications of Network. The Internet and World Wide Web: – Introduction – History of Internet – Internet Applications – Understanding the World Wide Web – Web Browsers – Browsing the internet – Using a Search Engine – Email Service – Protocols Used for the Internet
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Unit I
RESILIENCE
Unit II
DECISION MAKING
Unit III
PROBLEM SOLVING
Unit IV
Tenses
4.1 Present
4.2 Past
4.3 Future
4.4 Concord
Unit V
English in the Workplace
5.1 E-mail – Invitation, Enquiry, Seeking
Clarification
5.2 Circular
5.3 Memo
5.4 Minutes of the Meeting
Unit I
Digital Computers – Microcomputer Organization-Computer languages Number Systems: Decimal, Binary, Octal. Hexadecimal. Conversions: Conversion between all four number systems of integer and floating-point values. Data representation: fixed point and floating-point representation – Character codes
Unit II
Addition, subtraction (9’s Complement for decimal, 10’s complement for decimal, 1’s complement, 2’s complement methods), multiplication and division of binary numbers. – Differentiate Binary and BCD representations – BCD to Binary and Binary to BCD conversions, BCD addition and Subtraction. 8085 Microprocessor: Architecture, Pinout and Signals – Functional block diagram –
Unit III
8085 Instruction Set and addressing modes- 8085 sample programs using data transfer, arithmetic and JMP instructions– function calls in 8085
Unit IV
The 8085 Interrupts – RIM AND SIM instructions-8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller-Direct Memory Access (DMA) and 8257 DMA controller
Unit V
Program control- RISC – Pipelining -Arithmetic instruction- RISC pipeline – Vector processing and Array processors
List of Programs
Addition and Subtraction
1. 8 – bit addition
2. 16 – bit addition
3. 8 – bit subtraction
4. BCD subtraction
Multiplication and Division
1. 8 – bit multiplication
2. BCD multiplication
3. 8 – bit division
Sorting and Searching
1. Searching for an element in an array.
2. Sorting in Ascending and Descending order.
3. Finding the largest and smallest elements in an array.
4. Reversing array elements.
5. Block move.
Code Conversion
1. BCD to Hex and Hex to BCD
2. Binary to ASCII and ASCII to binary
3. ASCII to BCD and BCD to ASCII
Applications
1. Square of a single byte Hex number
2. Square of a two-digit BCD number
3. Square root of a single byte Hex number
4. Square root of a two-digit BCD number
Unit I
Integral calculus: Bernouli’s Formula, Reduction Formula 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑛𝜃, 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑛𝜃, 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑚𝜃 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑛𝜃 – Simple Problems
Unit II
Fourier Series: Fourier series for functions (0, 2π ), (−π ,π )
Unit III
Differential Equations: Ordinary Differential Equations: second order non homogeneous differential equations with constant coefficients of the form ay” +by’+ cy = X where X is of the form cos and sin – Related problems only.
Partial Differential Equations: Formation, complete integrals and general integrals, four standard types and solving Lagrange’s linear equation P p +Q q= R.
Unit IV
Laplace Transforms:
Laplace transformations of standard functions and simple properties, inverse Laplace transforms.
Unit V
Vector Differentiation:
Introduction, Scalar point functions, Vector point functions, vector differential operator Gradient,
Divergence, Curl, Solenoidal, irrotational, identities.
Unit I
Numbers – HCF and LCM of numbers – Decimal fractions – Simplification – Square roots and cube roots – Average – problems on Numbers
Unit II
Problems on Ages – Surds and Indices – percentage – profits and loss – ratio and proportion – partnership – Chain rule.
Unit III
Time and work – pipes and cisterns – Time and Distance – problems on trains – Boats and streams – simple interest – compound interest – Logarithms – Area – Volume and surface area – races and Games of skill.
Unit IV
Permutation and combination – probability – True Discount – Bankers Discount – Height and Distances – Odd man out & Series.
Unit V
Calendar – Clocks – stocks and shares – Data representation – Tabulation – Bar Graphs – Pie charts – Line graphs
Unit I
Introduction:
Notion of algorithms and programs – Requirements for solving problems by computer – The problem-solving aspect: Problem definition phase, Getting started on a problem, The use of specific examples, Similarities among problems, Working backwards from the solution – General problem-solving strategies – Problem solving using top-down design – Implementation of algorithms – The concept of Recursion.
Unit II
Fundamental Algorithms:
Exchanging the values of two variables – Counting – Summation of a set of numbers – Factorial computation – Sine function computation – Fibonacci Series generation – Reversing the digits of an integer – Base Conversion
Unit III
Factoring Methods:
Finding the square root of a number – The smallest divisor of an integer – Greatest common divisor of two integers – Generating prime numbers – Computing the prime factors of an integer – Generation of pseudo-random numbers – Raising a number to a large power – Computing the nth Fibonacci number.
Unit IV
Array Techniques:
Array order reversal – Array counting or histograming – Finding the maximum number in a set – Removal of duplicates from an ordered array – Partitioning an array – Finding the kth smallest element – Longest monotone subsequence
Unit V
Text Processing and Pattern Searching:
Text line length adjustment – Left and right justification of text – Keyword searching in text – Text line editing – Linear pattern search .Recursive algorithms: Towers of Hanoi – Permutation generation.
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Unit I
ACTIVE LISTENING
Unit II
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Unit III
COPING WITH STRESS
Unit IV
Grammar
4.1 Phrasal Verbs & Idioms
4.2 Modals and Auxiliaries
4.3 Verb Phrases – Gerund, Participle, Infinitive
Unit V
Composition/ Writing Skills
5.1 Official Correspondence – Leave Letter , Letter of Application, Permission Letter
5.2 Drafting Invitations
5.3 Brochures for Programmes and Events
Unit I
Introduction:
Review of Object-Oriented concepts – Java buzzwords (Platform independence, Portability, Threads)- JVM architecture –Java Program structure – Java main method – Java Console output(System.out) – simple java program – Data types – Variables – type conversion and casting- Java Console input: Buffered input – operators – control statements – Static Data – Static Method – String and String Buffer Classes
Unit II
Java user defined Classes and Objects – Arrays – constructors – Inheritance: Basic concepts – Types of inheritance – Member access rules – Usage of this and Super key word – Method Overloading – Method overriding – Abstract classes – Dynamic method dispatch – Usage of final keyword -Packages: Definition – Access Protection – Importing Packages – Interfaces: Definition – Implementation – Extending Interfaces
Unit III
Exception Handling:
try – catch – throw – throws –- finally – Built-in exceptions – Creating own Exception classes – garbage collection, finalise -Multithreaded Programming: Thread Class – Runnable interface – Synchronization – Using synchronized methods – Using synchronized statement – Interthread Communication –Deadlock.
Unit IV
The AWT class hierarchy – Swing: Introduction to Swing – Hierarchy of swing components. Containers – Top level containers – JFrame – JWindow – JDialog – JPanel – JButton – JToggleButton – JCheckBox – JRadioButton – JLabel,JTextField – JTextArea – JList – JComboBox – JscrollPane – Event Handling: Events – Event sources – Event Listeners – Event Delegation Model (EDM) – Handling Mouse and Keyboard Events
Unit V
Adapter classes – Inner classes -Java Util Package / Collections Framework: Collection & Iterator Interface- Enumeration- List and ArrayList- Vector- Comparator
LIST OF PROGRAM:
1. Write a Java program that prompts the user for an integer and then prints out all the
prime numbers up to that Integer?
2. Write a Java program to multiply two given matrices.
3. Write a Java program that displays the number of characters, lines and words in a text?
4. Generate random numbers between two given limits using Random class and print
messages according to the range of the value generated.
5. Write a program to do String Manipulation using Character Array and perform the
following string operations:
a) String length
b) Finding a character at a particular position
c) Concatenating two strings
6. Write a program to perform the following string operations using String class:
a) String Concatenation
b) Search a substring
c) To extract substring from given string
7. Write a program to perform string operations using String Buffer class:
a) Length of a string
b) Reverse a string
c) Delete a substring from the given string
8. Write a java program that implements a multi-thread application that has three
threads. First thread generates random integer every 1 second and if the value is even,
second thread computes the square of the number and prints. If the value is odd, the third
thread will print the value of cube of the number.
9. Write a threading program which uses the same method asynchronously to print the numbers 1 to 10 using Thread1 and to print 90 to 100 using Thread2.
10. Write a program to demonstrate the use of following exceptions.
a) Arithmetic Exception
b) Number Format Exception
c) Array Index Out of Bound Exception
d) Negative Array Size Exception
11. Write a Java program that reads on file name from the user, then displays
information about whether the file exists, whether the file is readable, whether the file is
writable, the type of file and the length of the file in bytes?
12. Write a program to accept a text and change its size and font. Include bold italic
options. Use frames and controls.
13. Write a Java program that handles all mouse events and shows the event name at the
center of the window when a mouse event is fired. (Use adapter classes).
14. Write a Java program that works as a simple calculator. Use a grid layout to arrange
buttons for the digits and for the +, -,*, % operations. Add a text field to display the result.
Handle any possible exceptions like divide by zero.
15. Write a Java program that simulates a traffic light. The program lets the user select
one of three lights: red, yellow, or green with radio buttons. On selecting a button,
an appropriate message with “stop” or “ready” or “go” should appear above the
buttons in a selected color. Initially there is no message shown.
Unit I
Methods of collection:
Complete enumeration – Sample Survey – Primary data – Secondary data sources – Types of variables. Norminal, ordinal and scale data. Presentation of Data: Presentation of data by tables construction of tables (Univariate and Bivariate) – frequency table and contingency table
Unit II
Diagrammatic presentation:
Line diagram, Bar diagrams: Simple, multiple, subdivided and Percentage-Pie chart, comparative pie chart – Graphical representation of a frequency distribution by histogram and frequency polygon and Ogives.
Unit III
Analysis of Data (Univariate):
Measures of central tendency: Arithmetic mean Median and Mode choice of an average characteristic of a good average.
Unit IV
Measures of dispersion:
Range-Quartile deviation-mean deviation – standard deviation – relative measures of dispersion – Coefficient of Variance
Unit V
Analysis of Data (Bivariate):
Correlation- Scatter plot-coefficient of correlation Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient, Spearmen’s rank correlation coefficient correlation coefficient for bivariate frequency table- Association of attributes: Chi square test of independence of attributes
Unit I
What is HTML?
HTML Documents – Basic structure of an HTML document – Creating an HTML document – Mark up Tags – Heading-Paragraphs – Line Breaks – HTML Tags.
Unit II
Introduction to elements of HTML:
Working with Text – Working with Lists, Tables and Frames – Working with Hyperlinks, Images and Multimedia – Working with Forms and controls.
Unit III
Concept of CSS:
Creating Style Sheet – CSS Properties – CSS Styling(Background, Text Format, Controlling Fonts) – Working with block elements and objects – Working with Lists and Tables – CSS Id and Class – Box Model(Introduction, Border properties, Padding – Properties, Margin properties)
Unit IV
CSS Advanced (Grouping, Dimension, Display, Positioning, Floating, Align, Pseudo
class, Navigation Bar, Image Sprites, Attribute sector)- CSS Color- Creating page
Layout and Site Designs
Unit V
Introduction to Web Graphics:
Creating a Web Photo Album – Creating a Button Creating a Web Page Banner
Unit I
Introduction to Environmental Studies
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies;
Scope and importance; concept of sustainability and sustainable development.
Unit II
Ecosystem
What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an
ecosystem:
Food chains, food webs and ecological succession, Case studies of the following
ecosystem:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystem (ponds, stream, lakes, rivers, ocean, estuaries)
Unit III
Natural Resources : Renewable and Non – renewable Resources
Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification.
Deforestation : Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment,
forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.
Water : Use and over – exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts,
conflicts over water ( international and inter-state).
Energy resources : Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.
Unit IV
Biodiversity and Conservation
Levels of biological diversity: genetics, species and ecosystem diversity,
Biogeographic zones of India: Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots
India as a mega- biodiversity nation, Endangered and endemic species of India.
Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man- wildlife conflicts,
biological invasions; Conservations of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation
of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic
and Informational value.
Unit V
Environmental Pollution
Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls: Air, Water, soil and noise
Pollution.
Nuclear hazards and human health risks
Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste
Pollution case studies.
Unit VI
Environmental Policies & Practices
Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on
human communities and agriculture
Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of
Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act; Wildlife Protection
Act; Forest Conservation Act. International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto
protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human Wildlife conflicts in Indian
context.
Unit VII
Human Communities and the Environment
Human population growth, impacts on environment, human health and welfare.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of projects affected persons; case studies.
Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Environmental movements : Chipko, Silent Valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan.
Environmental ethics : Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in
environmental conservation.
Environmental communication and public awareness, case studies(e.g. CNG Vehicles
in Delhi)
Unit VIII
Field Work
Visit to an area to document environmental assets: river / forest/ flora/ fauna etc.
Visit to a local polluted site – Urban / Rural/ Industrial/ Agricultural.
Study of common plants, insects, birds and basic principles of identification.
Study of simple ecosystem- pond, river, Delhi Ridge etc.
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Unit I
GOAL SETTING (UNICEF)
Unit II
INTEGRITY
Unit III
COPING WITH EMOTIONS
Unit IV
Language Competency Sentences
4.1 Simple Sentences
4.2 Compound Sentences
4.3 Complex Sentences
Direct and Indirect Speech
Unit V
Unit I
INTRODUCTION TO DATA STRUCTURES:
Data Structures: Definition- Time & Space Complexity – Arrays: Representation of arrays, Applications of arrays, sparse matrix and its representation – Linear list: Singly linked list implementation, insertion, deletion and searching operations on linear list – Circular linked list: implementation, Double linked list implementation, insertion, deletion and searching operations.
Unit II
STACKS and QUEUES:
Operations, array and linked representations of stack, stack applications, infix to postfix conversion, postfix expression evaluation – Queues: operations on queues, array and linked representations – Circular Queue: operations, applications of queues.
Unit III
TREES & GRAPHS:
Trees: Definitions and Concepts- Representation of binary tree, Binary tree traversals (Inorder, Postorder , preorder), Binary search trees in arrays– Heaps – AVL Trees – B Trees Graphs: Representation of Graphs- Types of graphs
Unit IV
INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS:
Definition of Algorithms- Overview and importance of algorithms- pseudocode conventions, Asymptotic notations, practical complexities. Graph Applications: Breadth first traversal – Depth first traversal- -Single source shortest path – Minimal spanning trees – prim’s and kruskal’s algorithms
Unit V
DIVIDE AND CONQUER ALGORITHMS:
General Method – Binary Search- Quick Sort- Merge Sort.
BACKTRACKING:
General method, 8 Queens, Graph coloring, Hamiltonian cycle
List of Programs
Implement the following exercises using Java Programming language:
1. Array implementation of stacks
2. Array implementation of Queues
3. Linked list implementation of stacks
4. Linked list implementation of Queues
5. Covert infix expression to postfix
.
6. Binary Tree Traversals (Inorder, Preorder, Postorder)
7. Implementation of Linear search and binary search
8. Implementation Insertion sort, Quick sort and Merge Sort
9. Implementation of Depth-First Search & Breadth-First Search of Graphs.
10. Finding single source shortest path of a Graph
Unit I
Basic concepts of Probability:
Random Experiments, Sample space, Trial, Events, -Classical and empirical approach to probability and their limitations –Types of events: Exhaustive, mutually exclusive, equally likely and Independent events -Axiomatic approach to probability – Basic theorems on probability using axiomatic approach. Bayes Theorem (statement only)
Unit II
Discrete probability mass function, cumulative distribution function- Theory and problems based on it. Bernoulli distribution, Binomial Distribution and Poisson Distribution
Unit III
Continuous probability density function, cumulative distribution function – Theory and problems based on it. Normal Distribution and its properties, Standard Normal distribution, Problems based on it. Exponential Distribution
Unit IV
Introduction of Sampling distributions- student’s t and chi-square distributions, distribution of sample mean from normal distribution. Density function and Properties only.
Unit V
Testing of Hypothesis, Single mean test and double means test based on normal distribution and students t-distribution. Proportion test, Chi-square test, ANOVA test.
Unit I
Introduction to Environmental Studies
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies;
Scope and importance; concept of sustainability and sustainable development.
Unit II
Ecosystem
What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an
ecosystem:
Food chains, food webs and ecological succession, Case studies of the following
ecosystem:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystem (ponds, stream, lakes, rivers, ocean, estuaries)
Unit III
Natural Resources : Renewable and Non – renewable Resources
Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification.
Deforestation : Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment,
forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.
Water : Use and over – exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts,
conflicts over water ( international and inter-state).
Energy resources : Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.
Unit IV
Biodiversity and Conservation
Levels of biological diversity: genetics, species and ecosystem diversity,
Biogeographic zones of India: Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots
India as a mega- biodiversity nation, Endangered and endemic species of India.
Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man- wildlife conflicts,
biological invasions; Conservations of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation
of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic
and Informational value.
Unit V
Environmental Pollution
Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls: Air, Water, soil and noise
Pollution.
Nuclear hazards and human health risks
Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste
Pollution case studies.
Unit VI
Environmental Policies & Practices
Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on
human communities and agriculture
Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of
Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act; Wildlife Protection
Act; Forest Conservation Act. International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto
protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human Wildlife conflicts in Indian
context.
Unit VII
Human Communities and the Environment
Human population growth, impacts on environment, human health and welfare.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of projects affected persons; case studies.
Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Environmental movements : Chipko, Silent Valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan.
Environmental ethics : Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in
environmental conservation.
Environmental communication and public awareness, case studies(e.g. CNG Vehicles
in Delhi)
Unit VIII
Field Work
Visit to an area to document environmental assets: river / forest/ flora/ fauna etc.
Visit to a local polluted site – Urban / Rural/ Industrial/ Agricultural.
Study of common plants, insects, birds and basic principles of identification.
Study of simple ecosystem- pond, river, Delhi Ridge etc.
Unit I
Value education-its purpose and significance in the present world – Value system – The role of culture and civilization – Holistic living – balancing the outer and inner – Body, Mind and Intellectual level – Duties and responsibilities.
Unit II
Salient values for life – Truth, commitment, honesty and integrity, forgiveness and love, empathy and ability to sacrifice, care, unity, and inclusiveness, Self esteem and self confidence, punctuality – Time, task and resource management – Problem solving and decision making skills – Interpersonal and Intra personal relationship – Team work – Positive and creative thinking.
Unit III
Human Rights – Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Human Rights violations – National Integration – Peace and non-violence – Dr.A P J Kalam’s ten points for enlightened citizenship – Social Values and Welfare of the citizen – The role of media in value building.
Unit IV
Environment and Ecological balance – interdependence of all beings – living and non-living. The binding of man and nature – Environment conservation and enrichment.
Unit V
Social Evils – Corruption, Cyber crime, Terrorism – Alcoholism, Drug addiction – Dowry – Domestic violence – untouchability – female infanticide – atrocities against women – How
to tackle them.
Unit I
Introduction:
Views – Types of System – OS Structure – Operations – Services – Interface- System Calls – System Structure – System Design and Implementation. Process Management: Process – Process Scheduling – Inter-process Communication. CPU Scheduling: CPU Schedulers – Scheduling Criteria -Scheduling Algorithms.
Unit II
Process Synchronization:
Critical- Section Problem – Synchronization Hardware Semaphores – Classical Problems of Synchronization – Monitors. Deadlocks: Characterization – Methods for Handling Deadlocks- Deadlock Prevention – Avoidance – Detection – Recovery
Unit III
Memory Management:
Hardware – Address Binding – Address Space – Dynamic Loading and Linking – Swapping – Contiguous Allocation – Segmentation – Paging – Structure of the Page Table.
Unit IV
Virtual Memory Management:
Demand Paging – Page Replacement Algorithms -Thrashing. File System: File Concept -. Access Methods – Directory and Disk – Protection – File System Structures -Allocation Methods – Free Space Management
Unit V
I/O Systems:
Overview – I/O Hardware – Application I/O Interface – Kernel I/O Subsystem – Transforming 1/0 Requests to Hardware Operations – Performance. System Protection: Goals – Domain – Access matrix. System Security: The Security Problem – Threats – Encryption- User Authentication.
List of Programs
1. Basic I/O programming. To implement CPU Scheduling Algorithms:
2. Shortest Job First Algorithm.
3. First Come First Served Algorithm.
4. Round Robin and Priority Scheduling Algorithms.
5. To implement reader/writer problem using semaphore.
6. To implement Banker’s algorithm for Deadlock avoidance.
Program for page replacement algorithms:
7. First In First Out Algorithm.
8. Least Recently Used Algorithm.
9. To implement first fit, best fit and worst fit algorithm for memory management.
10. Program for Inter-process Communication.
Unit I
Introduction to DBMS
Data and Information – Database – Database Management System – Objectives- Advantages – Components – Architecture. ER Model: Building blocks of ER Diagram –Relationship Degree – Classification – ER diagram to Tables – ISA relationship – Constraints –Aggregation and Composition – Advantages
Unit II
Relational Model:
CODD’s Rule- Relational Data Model – Key – Integrity – Relational Algebra Operations – Advantages and limitations – Relational Calculus – Domain Relational Calculus -QBE
Unit III
Structure of Relational Database.
Introduction to Relational Database Design – Objectives – Tools –Redundancy and Data Anomaly – Functional Dependency – Normalization – 1NF – 2NF – 3NF –BCNF. Transaction Processing Database Security.
Unit IV
Introduction to SQL:
Data Definition Commands – Data Manipulation Commands – SELECT Queries – Additional Data Definition Commands – Additional SELECT Query Keywords – Joining Database Tables. Advanced SQL: Relational SET Operators: UNION – UNION ALL – INTERSECT – MINUS.SQL Join Operators: Cross Join – Natural Join – Join USING Clause – JOIN ON Clause – Outer Join.
Unit V
Sub Queries and Correlated Queries:
WHERE – IN – HAVING – ANY and ALL – FROM. SQL Functions: Date and Time Function – Numeric Function – String Function – Conversion Function PL/SQL: Structure – Elements – Operators Precedence – Control Structure – Iterative Control -Cursors – Procedure – Function – Packages – Exceptional Handling -Triggers.
List of Programs
1) DDL commands with constraints.
2) DML Commands with constraints.
3) SQL Queries: Queries, sub queries, Aggregate function
4) PL/SQL : Exceptional Handling
5) PL/SQL : Cursor
6) PL/SQL : Trigger
7) PL/SQL : Packages
8) Design and Develop Application for Library Management
9) Design and Develop Application for Student Mark Sheet Processing
10) Design and Develop Application for Pay Roll Processing
Unit – I
Introduction – Network Hardware – Software – Reference Models – OSI and TCP/IP Models – Example Networks: Internet, ATM, Ethernet and Wireless LANs – Physical Layer – Theoretical Basis for Data Communication – Guided Transmission Media
Unit – II
Wireless Transmission – Communication Satellites – Telephone System: Structure, Local Loop, Trunks and Multiplexing and Switching. Data Link Layer: Design Issues – Error Detection and Correction
Unit – III
Elementary Data Link Protocols – Sliding Window Protocols – Data Link Layer in the Internet – Medium Access Layer – Channel Allocation Problem – Multiple Access Protocols – Bluetooth
Unit – IV
Network Layer – Design Issues – Routing Algorithms – Congestion Control Algorithms – IP Protocol – IP Addresses – Internet Control Protocols.
Unit – V
Transport Layer – Services – Connection Management – Addressing, Establishing and Releasing a Connection – Simple Transport Protocol – Internet Transport Protocols (ITP) – Network Security: Cryptography.
Unit – I
Introduction to Computer Graphics:
Introduction of Coordinate representation and Pixel – Raster Scan & Random Scan systems – Video controller and raster scan display processor.
Unit – II
Introduction to image processing:
Fundamentals – Applications – Image processing system components – Image sensing and acquisition – Sampling and quantization – Neighbours of pixel adjacency connectivity -regions and boundaries – Distance measures.
Unit – III
Image Enhancement:
Frequency and Spatial Domain – Contrast Stretching – Histogram Equalization – Low pass and High pass filtering.
Image Restoration:
Noise models – mean, order—statistics – adaptive filters – Band reject, Band pass and notch filters
Unit – IV
Colour Image Processing:
Colour models – Pseudo colour Image processing – Colour transformation and segmentation.
Image Compression:
Fundamentals – Models – Error free and lossy compression Standards.
Unit – V
Morphological Image Processing: Overview
Boundary extraction – Region filtering – Connected component extraction – convex hull – Thinning; Thickening; skeletons; pruning; Image segmentation.
Unit I
Overview of .NET framework:
Common Language Runtime (CLR), Framework Class Library- C# Fundamentals: Primitive types and Variables – Operators – Conditional statements -Looping statements – Creating and using Objects – Arrays – String operations.
Unit II
Introduction to ASP.NET:
Introduction to ASP.NET- IDE-Languages supported Components -Working with Web Forms – Web form standard controls: Properties and its events – HTML controls -List Controls: Properties and its events.
Unit III
Rich Controls:
Properties and its events – validation controls: Properties and its events– File Stream classes – File Modes – File Share – Reading and Writing to files –Creating, Moving, Copying and Deleting files – File uploading
Unit IV
ADO.NET Overview – Database Connections – Commands – Data Reader – Data Adapter – Data Sets – Data Controls and its Properties – Data Binding
Unit V
Grid View control:
Deleting, editing, Sorting and Paging. XML classes – Web form to manipulate XML files – Website Security – Authentication – Authorization – Creating a Web application
List of Programs
1. Create an exposure of Web applications and tools
2. Implement the Html Controls
3. Implement the Server Controls
4. Web application using Web controls.
5. Web application using List controls.
6. Web Page design using Rich control. Validate user input using Validation controls.
Working with File concepts
7. Web application using Data Controls.
8. Data binding with Web controls
9. Data binding with Data Controls.
10. Database application to perform insert, update and delete operations.
11. Database application using Data Controls to perform insert, delete, edit, paging and
sorting operation.
12. Implement the Xml classes.
13. Implement Authentication – Authorization.
14. Ticket reservation using ASP.NET controls.
Project planning:
B.Sc (Computer Science / Software Application)/BCA Major Project is an involved exercise, which has to be planned well in advance. The topic should be chosen in the beginning of final year itself. Related reading training and discussions of first internal project viva voce should be completed in the first term of final year.
I. Selection of the project work Project work could be of three types.
a) Developing solution for real life problem
In this case a requirement for developing a computer-based solution already exists and the different stages of system development life cycle is to be implemented successfully. Examples are accounting software for particular organization, computerization of administrative function of an organization, web based commerce etc.
b) System Software Project
Projects based on system level implementation. An example is a Tamil language editor with spell checker, compiler design.
b) Research level project
These are projects which involve research and development and may not be as a structured and clear cut as in the above case. Examples are Tamil character recognition, neural net based speech recognizer etc. This type of projects provides more challenging opportunities to students.
II Selection of team
To meet the stated objectives, it is imperative that major project is done through a team effort. Though it would be ideal to select the team members at random and this should be strongly recommended, due to practical consideration students may also be given the choice of forming themselves into teams with three members. A team leader shall be selected. Team shall maintain the minutes of meeting of the team members and ensure that tasks have been assigned to every team member in writing. Team meeting minutes shall form a part of the project report. Even if students are doing project as groups, each one must independently take different modules of the work and must submit the report.
III Selection of Tools
No restrictions shall be placed on the students in the choice of platform/tools/languages to be utilized for their project work, though open source is strongly recommended, wherever possible. No value shall be placed on the use of tools in the evaluation of the project.
IV Project management
Head of the Department / Principal of the college should publish the list of student’s project topic, internal guide and external organization and teams agreed before the end of July. Changes in this list may be permitted for valid reasons and shall be considered favorably by the Head of the department / Principal of the college any time before commencement of the project. Students should submit a fortnightly report of the progress, which could be indication of percentage of completion of the project work. The students should ideally keep a daily activity book. Team meeting should be documented and same should be submitted at the end of the project work.
Unit – I
Introduction–Definition – Future of Artificial Intelligence – Characteristics of Intelligent Agents–Typical Intelligent Agents – Problem Solving Approach to Typical AI problems.
Unit – II
Problem solving Methods – Search Strategies- Uninformed – Informed – Heuristics – Local Search Algorithms and Optimization Problems -Searching with Partial Observations – Constraint Satisfaction Problems – Constraint Propagation – Backtracking Search – Game Playing – Optimal Decisions in Games – Alpha – Beta Pruning – Stochastic Games
Unit – III
Knowledge Representation First Order Predicate Logic – Prolog Programming – Unification – Forward Chaining-Backward Chaining – Resolution – Knowledge Representation –Categories and Objects – Events – Mental Events and Mental Objects – Reasoning Systems for Categories -Reasoning with Default Information
Unit – IV
Software Agents Architecture for Intelligent Agents – Agent communication – Negotiation and Bargaining – Argumentation among Agents – Trust and Reputation in Multi-agent systems.
Unit – V
Representing knowledge using rules: Procedural Vs Declarative knowledge – Logic programming – Forward Vs Backward reasoning – Matching – Control knowledge Brief explanation of Expert Systems- Definition- Characteristics-architectureKnowledge Engineering- Expert System Life Cycle-Knowledge Acquisition Strategies- Expert System Tools.
(OR)
Unit – I
Introduction: Introduction to Data Science – Evolution of Data Science – Data Science Roles – Stages in aData Science Project – Applications of Data Science in various fields – Data Security Issues.
Unit – II
Data Collection and Data Pre-Processing: Data Collection Strategies – Data PreProcessing Overview – Data Cleaning – DataIntegration and Transformation – Data Reduction – Data Discretization.
Unit – III
Exploratory Data Analytics: Descriptive Statistics – Mean, Standard Deviation, Skewness and Kurtosis – Box Plots –Pivot Table – Heat Map – Correlation Statistics – ANOVA.
Unit – IV
Model Development: Simple and Multiple Regression – Model Evaluation using Visualization – Residual Plot –Distribution Plot – Polynomial Regression and Pipelines – Measures for In-sampleEvaluation – Prediction and Decision Making.
Unit – V
Model Evaluation: Generalization Error – Out-of-Sample Evaluation Metrics – Cross Validation – Overfitting –Under Fitting and Model Selection – Prediction by using Ridge Regression – TestingMultiple Parameters by using Grid Search
(OR)
Unit – I
IoT & Web Technology, The Internet of Things Today, Time for Convergence, Towards the IoT Universe, Internet of Things Vision, IoT Strategic Research and Innovation Directions, IoT Applications, Future Internet Technologies, Infrastructure, Networks and Communication, Processes, Data Management, Security, Privacy & Trust, Device Level Energy Issues, IoT Related Standardization, Recommendations on Research Topics.
Unit – II
M2M to IoT – A Basic Perspective– Introduction, Some Definitions, M2M Value Chains, IoT Value Chains, An emerging industrial structure for IoT, The international driven global value chain and global information monopolies. M2M to IoT-An Architectural Overview– Building an architecture, Main design principles and needed capabilities, An IoT architecture outline, standards considerations.
Unit – III
IoT Architecture -State of the Art – Introduction, State of the art, Architecture. Reference Model- Introduction, Reference Model and architecture, IoT reference Model, IoT Reference Architecture- Introduction, Functional View, Information View, Deployment and Operational View, Other Relevant architectural views
Unit – IV
IoT Applications for Value Creations Introduction, IoT applications for industry: Future Factory Concepts, Brownfield IoT, Smart Objects, Smart Applications, Four Aspects in your Business to Master IoT, Value Creation from Big Data and Serialization, IoT for Retailing Industry, IoT For Oil and Gas Industry, Opinions on IoT Application and Value for Industry, Home Management, eHealth.
Unit – V
Internet of Things Privacy, Security and Governance Introduction, Overview of Governance, Privacy and Security Issues, Contribution from FP7 Projects, Security, Privacy and Trust in IoT-Data-Platforms for Smart Cities, First Steps Towards a Secure Platform, Smartie Approach. Data Aggregation for the IoT in Smart Cities, Security
Unit I
Introduction to Cloud Computing: Definition of Cloud Computing – Characteristics of Cloud Computing – Cloud Models – Cloud Service Examples – Cloud-based Services and Applications.
Cloud Concepts and Technologies: Virtualization – Load balancing – Scalability and Elasticity – Deployment – Replication – Monitoring – Software Defined Networking – Network Function Virtualization – MapReduce – Identity and Access Management – Service Level Agreements – Billing
Unit II
Compute Services: Amazon Elastic Computer Cloud – Google Compute Engine – Windows Azure Virtual Machines. Storage Services: Amazon Simple Storage Service – Google Cloud Storage – Windows Azure Storage
Database Services: Amazon Relational Data Store – Amazon Dynamo DB – Google Cloud SQL – Google Cloud Data Store – Windows Azure SQL Database – Windows Azure Table Service
Application Services: Application Runtimes and Frameworks – Queuing Services – Email Services – Notifiction Services – Media Services Content Delivery Services: Amazon CloudFront – Windows Azure Content Delivery Network
Analytics Services: Amazon Elastic MapReduce – Google MapReduce Service – Google BigQuery – Windows Azure HDInsight
Deployment and Management Services: Amazon Elastic Beanstack – Amazon CloudFormation
Identity and Access Management Services: Amazon Identiy and Access Management – Windows Azure Active Directory
Open Source Private Cloud Software: CloudStack – Eucalyptus – OpenStack
Unit III
Cloud Application Design: Introduction – Design Consideration for Cloud Applications – Scalability – Reliability and Availability – Security – Maintenance and Upgradation – Performance – Reference Architectures for Cloud Applications – Cloud Application Design Methodologies: Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), Cloud Component Model, IaaS, PaaS and SaaS Services for Cloud Applications, Model View Controller (MVC), RESTful Web Services – Data Storage Approaches: Relational Approach (SQL), Non-Relational Approach (NoSQL).
Unit IV
Cloud Application Benchmarking and Tuning: Introduction to Benchmarking – Steps in Benchmarking – Workload Characteristics – Application Performance Metrics – Design Consideration for Benchmarking Methodology – Benchmarking Tools and Types of Tests – Deployment Prototyping. Cloud Security: Introduction – CSA Cloud Security Architecture – Authentication (SSO) – Authorization – Identity and Access Management – Data Security : Securing data at rest, securing data in motion – Key Management – Auditing.
Unit V
Case Studies: Cloud Computing for Healthcare – Cloud Computing for Energy Systems – Cloud Computing for Transportation Systems – Cloud Computing for Manufacturing Industry – Cloud Computing for Education.
(OR)
Unit I
INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA : Evolution of Big data — Best Practices for Big data Analytics — Big data characteristics — Validating — The Promotion of the Value of Big Data — Big Data Use Cases- Characteristics of Big Data Applications — Perception and Quantification of Value -Understanding Big Data Storage — A General Overview of High-Performance Architecture — HDFS — MapReduce and YARN — Map Reduce Programming Model
Unit II
CLUSTERING AND CLASSIFICATION: Advanced Analytical Theory and Methods: Overview of Clustering — K-means — Use Cases — Overview of the Method — Determining the Number of Clusters — Diagnostics — Reasons to Choose and Cautions. – Classification: Decision Trees — Overview of a Decision Tree — The General Algorithm — Decision Tree Algorithms — Evaluating a
Decision Tree — Decision Trees in R — Naïve Bayes — Bayes? Theorem — Naïve Bayes Classifier
Unit III
ASSOCIATION AND RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM: Advanced Analytical Theory and Methods: Association Rules — Overview — Apriori Algorithm — Evaluation of Candidate Rules — Applications of Association Rules — Finding Association& finding similarity — Recommendation System: Collaborative Recommendation- Content Based Recommendation — Knowledge Based
Recommendation- Hybrid Recommendation Approaches
Unit IV
STREAM MEMORY: Introduction to Streams Concepts — Stream Data Model and Architecture — Stream Computing, Sampling Data in a Stream — Filtering Streams — Counting Distinct Elements in a Stream — Estimating moments — Counting oneness in a Window — Decaying Window — Real time Analytics Platform (RTAP) applications — Case Studies — Real Time Sentiment Analysis, Stock Market Predictions. Using Graph Analytics for Big Data: Graph Analytics
Unit V
NOSQL DATA MANAGEMENT FOR BIG DATA AND VISUALIZATION NoSQL Databases: Schema-less Models- Increasing Flexibility for Data Manipulation-Key Value Stores- Document Stores — Tabular Stores — Object Data Stores — Graph Databases Hive — Sharding —Hbase — Analyzing big data with twitter — Big data for E-Commerce Big data for blogs — Review of Basic
Data Analytic Methods using R.
(OR)
Unit I
History: Digital Money to Distributed Ledgers -Design Primitives: Protocols, Security, Consensus, Permissions, Privacy- : Block chain Architecture and Design-Basic crypto primitives: Hash, Signature Hash chain to Block chain-Basic consensus mechanisms.
Unit II
Requirements for the consensus protocols-Proof of Work (PoW)-Scalability aspects of Block chain consensus protocols: Permissioned Block Chains-Design GoalsConsensus protocols for Permissioned Block chains.
Unit III
Decomposing the consensus process-Hyper ledger fabric components-Chain code Design and Implementation: Hyper ledger Fabric II:-Beyond Chain code: fabric SDK and Front End-Hyper ledger composer tool.
Unit IV
Block chain in Financial Software and Systems (FSS): -Settlements, -KYC, -Capital Markets-Insurance Block chain in trade/supply chain: Provenance of goods, visibility, trade/supply chain finance, invoice management/discounting.
Unit V
Block chain for Government: Digital identity, land records and other kinds of record keeping between government entities, public distribution system / social welfare systems: Block chain Cryptography: Privacy and Security on Block chain
Unit – I
Basics of Excel-Customizing common options-Absolute and relative cells-Protecting and un-protecting worksheets and cells- Working with Functions – Writing conditional expressions -logical functions -lookup and reference functions-VlookUP with Exact Match, Approximate Match-Nested VlookUP with Exact Match-VlookUP with Tables, Dynamic Ranges-Nested VlookUP with Exact Match-Using VLookUP to consolidate Data from Multiple Sheets
Unit – II
Data Validations – Specifying a valid range of values -Specifying a list of valid values Specifying custom validations based on formula – Working with TemplatesDesigning the structure of a template-templates for standardization of worksheets – Sorting and Filtering Data -Sorting tables-multiple-level sorting-custom sorting-Filtering data for selected view -advanced filter options- Working with ReportsCreating subtotals-Multiple-level subtotal.
Unit – III
Creating Pivot tablesFormatting and customizing Pivot tables-advanced options of Pivot tables-Pivot charts-Consolidating data from multiple sheets and files using Pivot tables external data sources-data consolidation feature to consolidate data-Show Value As % of Row, % of Column, Running Total, Compare with Specific Field-Viewing Subtotal under Pivot-Creating Slicers.
Unit – IV
More FunctionsDate and time functions-Text functions-Database functions-Power Functions – FormattingUsing auto formatting option for worksheets-Using conditional formatting option for rows, columns and cells-WhatIf Analysis – Goal Seek-Data TablesScenario Manager
Unit – V
Charts -Formatting Charts-3D Graphs-Bar and Line Chart together-Secondary Axis in Graphs-Sharing Charts with PowerPoint / MS Word, Dynamically- New Features Of Excel Sparklines, Inline Charts, data Charts- Overview of all the new features