B.Sc Mathematics Syllabus

B.Sc Mathematics

Semester I

Language I

English I - 100L1Z

Unit – I:

SELF-AWARENESS(WHO) & POSITIVE THINKING(UNICEF)

  • Life Story
    1.1 Chapter 1 from MalalaYousafzai, I am Malala
    1.2 An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth (Chapters 1, 2 & 3)
    M.K.Gandhi
  • Poem
    1.3 Where the Mind is Without Fear – Gitanjali 35 

    Rabindranath Tagore
    1.4 Love Cycle – Chinua Achebe

Unit – II:

EMPATHY

  • Poem
    2.1 Nine Gold Medals – David Roth
    2.2 Alice Fell or poverty – William Wordsworth
  • Short Story
    2.3 The School for Sympathy – E.V. Lucas
    2.4 Barn Burning – William Faulkner

Unit – III:

CRITICAL & CREATIVE THINKING

  • Poem
    3.1 The Things That Haven’t Been Done Before – Edgar Guest
    3.2 Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening – Robert Frost
  • Readers Theatre
    3.3 The Magic Brocade – A Tale of China
    3.4 Stories on Stage – Aaron Shepard (Three Sideway Stories from Wayside School” by Louis
    Sachar)

Unit – IV:

Part of Speech

4.1 Articles
4.2 Noun
4.3 Pronoun
4.4 Verb
4.5 Adverb
4.6 Adjective
4.7 Preposition

Unit – V:

Paragraph and Essay Writing

5.1 Descriptive
5.2 Expository
5.3 Persuasive
5.4 Narrative

Reading Comprehension

Core Paper I – Algebra & Trigonometry - 134C1A

Unit I

Reciprocal Equations-Standard form–Increasing or decreasing the roots of a given equation- Removal of terms–Approximate solutions of roots of polynomials by Horner’s method – Related Problems.

Unit II

Summation of Series: Binomial– Exponential –Logarithmic series (Theorems without proof) –Related Problems.

Unit III

Characteristic equation – Eigen values and Eigen VectorsSimilar matrices – Cayley – Hamilton Theorem (Statement only) – Finding powers of square matrix–Inverse of a square matrix up to
order 3– Diagonalization of square matrices –Related Problems

Unit IV

Expansions of sin nθ, cos nθ in powers of sinθ, cosθ – Expansion of tan nθ in terms of tan θ–  Expansions of cos^(n) θ, sin^(n)θ, cos^(m) θ sin^(n)θ –Expansions of tan(θ1 +θ2 +,…,+θn ) – Expansions of sinθ, cosθ and tanθ in terms of θ –Related Problems.

Unit V

Hyperbolic functions – Relation between circular and hyperbolic functions–Formulas in hyperbolic functions, Inverse hyperbolic functions– Logarithm of complex quantities, Summation of trigonometric series –Related Problems.

Core Paper II - Differential Calculus - 134C1B

Unit I

Successive Differentiation: Introduction (Review of basic concepts) – The nth derivative – Standard Results – Fractional Expressions – Trigonometrical Transformation – Formation of Equations Involving Derivatives – Leibnitz Formula for n th Derivative of a Product (Without proof)

Unit II

Partial Differentiation: Partial Derivatives – Successive Partial Derivatives – Function of a Function Rule – Total Differential Coefficient – A special case – Implicit Functions

Unit III

Partial Differentiation (Continued): Homogeneous Functions – Partial Derivatives of a Function of Two Variables – Maxima And Minima of Functions of Two Variables – Lagrange’s Method of Undetermined Multipliers.

Unit IV 

Envelope: Method of Finding Envelope – Another Definition of Envelope – Envelope of Family of Curves Which are Quadratic in the Parameter

Unit V

Curvature: Definition of a Curvature – Circle, Radius and Centre of Curvature – Evolutes and Involutes – Radius of Curvature in Polar Coordinates, p – r equations; pedal equation of a curve

Elective I - Numerical Methods with Applications - 134E1B

Unit I

The Solutions of Numerical Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: Introduction – Bisection method – Iteration method – Regula Falsi method – Newton – Raphson method – Horner’s Method

Unit II

Simultaneous Linear Algebraic equations: Introduction – Gauss Elimination method –Computation of the inverse of a matrix using Gauss Elimination method – Method of
Triangularisation – Iterative methods

Unit III

Finite Differences: Backward differences – central difference notations – Properties of the Operator △ – Difference of polynomials – Factorial polynomials – The Operator E –
Relation between E and △ – Relation between D and △ –  Relation between the operators – Summation of Series

Unit IV 

Central Difference Interpolation Formulae: Gauss forward and backward interpolation formula – Stirling’s formula – Bessel’s formula

Unit V

Interpolation with unequal intervals; Divided differences – properties of divided differences – Newton’s interpolation formula for unequal intervals – Lagrange’s formula for interpolation

SEC – I - Financial Mathematics - 134S1A / Basic Tamil - 100S1A / Advanced Tamil - 100S1B

Financial Mathematics

Unit I

Time Value of Money: Simple & Compound Interest, Present Value & Future Value, Annuities & Perpetuities

Unit II

Bonds: Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return, Price and Yield of a Bond, Term Structure, Duration, Immunization

Unit III

Stocks: Common Stock Valuation, Preferred Stock Valuation, Stock Price Validity

Unit IV

Stock Price Models: Geometric Brownian Motion, Binomial Tree

Unit V

Options: Option Basics, Option Pricing Models, Option Trading Strategies

Foundation Course FC - Bridge Mathematics - 134B1A

Unit I

Algebra: Binomial theorem, General term, middle term, problems based on these concepts.

Unit II

Sequences and series (Progressions). Fundamental principle of counting. Factorial n.

Unit III

Permutations and combinations, Derivation of formulae and their connections, simple applications, combinations with repetitions, arrangements within groups, formation of groups.

Unit IV

Trigonometry: Introduction to trigonometric ratios, proof of sin(A+B), cos(A+B), tan(A+B) formulae, multiple and sub multiple angles, sin(2A), cos(2A), tan(2A) etc., transformations sum into product and product into sum formulae, inverse trigonometric functions, sine rule and cosine rule

Unit V

Calculus: Limits, standard formulae and problems, differentiation, first principle, uv rule, u/v rule, methods of differentiation, application of derivatives, integration – product rule and substitution method.

Semester II

Language II

A toggle box content area

English II - 100L2Z

Unit I

RESILIENCE

  • Poem
    1.1 Don’t Quit – Edgar A. Guest
    1.2 Still Here – Langston Hughes
  • Short Story
    1.3 Engine Trouble – R.K. Narayan
    1.4 Rip Van Winkle – Washington Irving

Unit II

DECISION MAKING

  • Short Story
    2.1 The Scribe – Kristin Hunter
    2.2 The Lady or the Tiger – Frank Stockton
  • Poem
    2.3 The Road not Taken – Robert Frost
    2.4 Snake – D. H Lawrence

Unit III

PROBLEM SOLVING

  • Prose life Story
    3.1 How I taught My Grandmother to Read – Sudha Murthy
  • Autobiography
    3.3 How frog Went to Heaven – A Tale of Angolo
    3.4 Wings of Fire (Chapters 1,2,3) by A.P.J Abdul Kalam

Unit IV

Tenses

4.1 Present
4.2 Past
4.3 Future
4.4 Concord

Unit V

English in the Workplace
5.1 E-mail – Invitation, Enquiry, Seeking
Clarification
5.2 Circular
5.3 Memo
5.4 Minutes of the Meeting

Core Paper III – Analytical Geometry (Two & Three Dimensions) - 134C2A

Unit I

Polar and pole, conjugate points and conjugate lines-diameters – conjugate diameters of an ellipse.- semi diameters-conjugate diameters of hyperbola

Unit II

Polar coordinates: General polar equation of straight line – Polar equation of a circle given a diameter, Equation of a straight line, circle, conic – Equation of chord, tangent, normal. Equations of the asymptotes of a hyperbola

Unit III

The plane – Transformation to the normal form – Determination of a plane under given conditions – System of Planes – Two sides of a plane – Length of the perpendicular from a point to a plane – Joint equation of two planes – Orthogonal projection on a plane

Unit IV

Representation of line – line and a plane – co-planar lines – constants in the equations of a straight line – the shortest distance Between two skew lines- Length of the perpendicular from a point to a line – intersection of three planes.

Unit V

Equation of a sphere – Definition – the sphere through four given points – Section of a sphere by a plane – equation of a circle – tangent plane – angle of intersection of two spheres- condition for the orthogonality of two spheres – radical plane.

Core Paper IV - Integral Calculus - 134C2B

Unit I

Reduction formulae -Types, integration of product of powers of algebraic and trigonometric functions, integration of product of powers of algebraic and logarithmic functions – product of
powers of exponential and trigonometric functions – Bernoulli’s formula

Unit II

Multiple Integrals – definition of double integrals – evaluation of double integrals – double integrals in polar coordinates.

Unit III

Triple integrals –applications of multiple integrals – volumes of solids of revolution – Volume of solids as double intergrals – Volume as a triple integral – areas of curved surfaces–change of
variables – Jacobian – change of variable in the case of two varibles, three variables – transformation from cartesian to polar coordinates and cartesian to spherical polar coordinates

Unit IV

Beta and Gamma functions – infinite integral – Definitions – recurrence formula of Gamma functions – properties of Beta functions- relation between Beta and Gamma functions –
Applications

Unit V

Geometric Applications of Integrations: Areas in polar co-ordinate, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule, Length of a curve – Cartesian co-ordinate – Polar co-ordinate– Area of surface of revolution.

Elective II - Calculus of Finite Differences - 134E2B

Unit I

Numerical differentiation; Derivatives using Newton’s forward and backward difference formulae – derivatives using Sterling’s formula – derivatives using divided difference formula – Simple Problems

Unit II

Numerical Integration; General quadrature formula – Trapezoidal rule – Simpson’s one third rule – Simpson’s three- eight rule – Weddle’s rule – Simple Problems

Unit III

Difference equation: Definition – order and degree of a difference equation – Linear difference equation – Complementary function and particular integral of f(E) yx = ϕ(x).

Unit IV

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations(I order only) Taylor’s series method – Picard’s method – Eulers’ method – Simple Problems

Unit V

Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations (I order only) Modified Euler’s method – Runge – kutta method forth order only – Simple Problems

SEC – II - Basic Data Analysis Using Excel - 134S2A / Basic Tamil-II - 100S2A / Advanced Tamil-II - 100S2B

Basic Data Analysis Using Excel

Unit I

Introduction to Excel: Spreadsheet window pane, Title Bar, Menu Bar, Standard toolbar, Formatting toolbar, the ribbon, file tab and backstage view, Formula bar, Workbook window, Status bar, Task pane, workbook and sheets, columns and rows, selecting rows and columns, changing column width and row height, auto fitting rows and columns, hiding/unhiding columns and rows, inserting and deleting rows and columns, cell address of a cell, components of a cell, format value, formula, use of paste and paste special.

Unit II

Creating formula, using formula, formula function, sum, average, if, count, max, min, proper, upper, lower, using Autosum, Advance formulas – concatenate, Vlookup, Hlookup, Match, Countif, Text, Trim Functions.

Unit III

Data Handling Wizards, Sort, Filter, Text to Columns, Remove Duplicates, Consolidate, Data validation.

Unit IV

Creating pivot tables, manipulating a pivot table, using the pivot table toolbar, changing data field, properties, displaying a pivot chart, setting pivot table options, adding subtotals to pivot tables.

Unit V

Creating charts, different types of charts, formatting chart objects, changing chart types, showing and hiding the legend, showing and hiding the data table.

 

Naan Mudhalvan Course I

SEC III - Latex - 134S2C

Unit I

Preamble : Motivation – Running LaTeX – Resources – Basic LaTeX – Sample Document and Key Concepts – Type Style – Environments – Lists – Centering – Tables – Verbatim – Vertical
and Horizontal Spacing

Unit II

Typesetting Mathematics – Examples – Equation Environments – Fonts, Hats, and Underlining – Braces -Arrays and Matrices – Customized Commands -Theorem-like Environments – Math Miscellany – Math Styles – Bold Math – Symbols for Number Sets – Binomial Coefficient

Unit III

Further Essential LaTeX: Document Classes and the Overall Structure – Titles for Documents – Sectioning Commands – Miscellaneous Extras – Spacing – Accented Characters – Dashes &
Hyphens – Quotation Marks – Troubleshooting – Pinpointing the Error – Common Errors – Warning Messages

Unit IV

Packages – Inputting Files – Inputting Pictures – Making a Bibliography – Making an Index –Latex through the years

Unit V

Sample Article –Sample Report – Sample presentation – Sample Poster – Internet Resources

Semester III

Language III

A toggle box content area

English III - 200L3Z

Unit I 

ACTIVE LISTENING

  • Short Story
    1.1 In a Grove – AkutagawaRyunosuke
    Translated from Japanese by Takashi Kojima
    1.2 The Gift of the Magi – O’ Henry
  • Prose
    1.3 Listening – Robin Sharma
    1.4 Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech – WangariMaatha

Unit II

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

  • Prose
    2.1 Telephone Conversation – Wole Soyinka
    2.2 Of Friendship – Francis Bacon
  • Song on (Motivational/ Narrative)
    2.3 Ulysses – Alfred Lord Tennyson
    2.4 And Still I Rise – Maya Angelou

Unit III

COPING WITH STRESS

  • Poem
    3.1 Leisure – W.H. Davies
    3.2 Anxiety Monster – RhonaMcFerran
  • Readers Theatre
    3.3 The Forty Fortunes: A Tale of Iran
    3.4 Where there is a Will – Mahesh Dattani

Unit IV

Grammar
4.1 Phrasal Verbs & Idioms
4.2 Modals and Auxiliaries
4.3 Verb Phrases – Gerund, Participle, Infinitive

Unit V

Composition/ Writing Skills
5.1 Official Correspondence – Leave Letter , Letter of Application, Permission Letter
5.2 Drafting Invitations
5.3 Brochures for Programmes and Events

Core Paper V - Vector Calculus and Applications - 234C34

Unit I

Scalar and Vector point function – level surfaces –Directional Derivative of a scalar point functions – Gradiant of a scalar pointfunction –Summation notation for gradiant – Gradiant of f(r) 

Unit II

Divergence and curl of a vector point function– Summation notation for divergence and curl – Laplacian differential operators , other differential operators, divergence and curl of a gradiant and divergence and curl of a curl – Examples

Unit III

Line integrals, independence of path of integration, conservative field and scalar potential, line integral of a conservative vector.

Unit IV

Surface integrals – Volume integrals – Cylindrical and spherical polar coordinates.

Unit V

Integral theorems, Gauss’ divergence Theorem, Integral theorems derived from the divergence theorem, Green’s theorem in plane – Stoke’s Theorem – simple problems

 

Core Paper VI - Differential Equations and Applications - 234C3B

Unit I

Ordinary Differential Equations: Variable Separable – Homogeneous Equation – Non-Homogeneous Equation of First Degreein two Variables – Linear Equation – Bernoulli’s Equation – Exact Differential Equations

Unit II

Equation Of First Order But Not Of Higher Degree: Equation Solvable for dy/dx – Equation Solvable for y – Equation Solvable for x – Clairauts’ Form – Linear Equations with Constant Coefficients – Particular Integrals of Algebraic, Exponential, Trigonometric Functions and Their Products.

Unit III

Simultaneous Linear Differential Equations: Linear Equation of the Second Order – Complete Solution in Terms of a KnownIntegrals – Reduction to Normal Form – Change of the Independent Variable – Method of Variation of Parameters

Unit IV

Partial Differential Equations: Complete Integral – Singular Integral – General Integral – Formation of PDE by Eliminating Arbitrary Constants and Arbitrary Functions – Lagrange’s Linear Equations – Simple Applications

Unit V

Special Methods: Standard Forms – Charpit’s Method –Simple Applications

Elective III - Mathematical Statistics Theory & Practical - 234E3A

Unit I

Random variables (discrete and continuous), Distribution function – expected values and Moments – Moment generating function Characteristic function – Uniqueness Theorem (Statement Only) Chebychev’s inequality – Simple problems

Unit II

Concepts of bivariate distributions – Correlation & Regression – Rank Correlation Coefficient – Simple Problems

Unit III

Standard Distributions Normal – Uniform distributions – Sampling Theory – Sampling Distributions – Concept of Standard error – Sampling Distribution based on Normal, t, Chi-Square and F distributions.

Unit IV

Estimation – Introduction – Concept of Unbiasedness – Consistency, Efficiency And Sufficiency – Cramer Rao Inequality – Method of Estimation – Maximum likelihood Function

Unit V

Test of Significance – Tests of Hypothesis – Type I and Type II Errors – Large Sample Test – Exact test based on Normal, t, Chi-Square and F distributions with respect to Population Mean and Variance – Test of Independence of Attributes based on contingency tables – Goodness of fit based on Chi-Square – Simple Problems

SEC - IV - Entrepreneurial Based - 234S3A

Naan Mudhalvan Course II / SEC V

Environmental Studies

Unit I

Introduction to Environmental Studies
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies;
Scope and importance; concept of sustainability and sustainable development.

Unit II

Ecosystem

What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an
ecosystem:
Food chains, food webs and ecological succession, Case studies of the following
ecosystem:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystem (ponds, stream, lakes, rivers, ocean, estuaries)

Unit III

Natural Resources : Renewable and Non – renewable Resources

Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification.
 Deforestation : Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment,
forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.
 Water : Use and over – exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts,
conflicts over water ( international and inter-state).
Energy resources : Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.

Unit IV

Biodiversity and Conservation

Levels of biological diversity: genetics, species and ecosystem diversity,
Biogeographic zones of India: Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots
India as a mega- biodiversity nation, Endangered and endemic species of India.
Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man- wildlife conflicts,
biological invasions; Conservations of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation
of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic
and Informational value.

Unit V

Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls: Air, Water, soil and noise
Pollution.
 Nuclear hazards and human health risks
Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste
Pollution case studies.

Unit VI

Environmental Policies & Practices

Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on
human communities and agriculture
Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of
Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act; Wildlife Protection
Act; Forest Conservation Act. International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto
protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human Wildlife conflicts in Indian
context.

Unit VII

Human Communities and the Environment

Human population growth, impacts on environment, human health and welfare.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of projects affected persons; case studies.
Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Environmental movements : Chipko, Silent Valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan.
Environmental ethics : Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in
environmental conservation.
Environmental communication and public awareness, case studies(e.g. CNG Vehicles
in Delhi)

Unit VIII

Field Work

Visit to an area to document environmental assets: river / forest/ flora/ fauna etc.
Visit to a local polluted site – Urban / Rural/ Industrial/ Agricultural.
Study of common plants, insects, birds and basic principles of identification.
Study of simple ecosystem- pond, river, Delhi Ridge etc.

Semester IV

Language IV

A toggle box content area

English IV - 200L4Z

Unit I

GOAL SETTING (UNICEF)

  • Life Story
    1.1 From Chinese Cinderella – Adeline Yen Mah
    1.2 Why I Write – George Orwell
  • Short Essay
    1.3 On Personal Mastery – Robin Sharma
    1.4 On the Love of Life – William Hazlitt

Unit II

INTEGRITY

  • Short Story
    2.1The Taxi Driver – K.S. Duggal
    2.2 Kabuliwala – Rabindranath Tagore
    2.3 A Retrieved Reformation – O Henry
  • Extract from a play
    2.4 The Quality of Mercy (Trial Scene from the
    Merchant of Venice – Shakespeare)

Unit III

COPING WITH EMOTIONS

  • Poem
    3.1 Pride – Dahlia Ravikovitch
    3.2 Phenomenal Woman – Maya Angelou
  • Reader’s Theatre
    3.3 The Giant’s Wife A Tall Tale of Ireland –
    William Carleton
    3.4 The Princess and the God : A Tale of Ancient
    India

 Unit IV

Language Competency Sentences
4.1 Simple Sentences
4.2 Compound Sentences
4.3 Complex Sentences
Direct and Indirect Speech

Unit V

  • Report Writing
    5.1 Narrative Report
    5.2 Newspaper Report
  • Drafting Speeches
    5.3 Welcome Address
    5.4 Vote of Thanks

Core Paper – VII - Industrial Mathematics – Resource Management Techniques - 234C4A

Unit I

Linear programming: Formulation – graphical solution. Simplex method. Big-M method

Unit II

Transportation Problem: Mathematical Formulation. Basic Feasible solution. North West Corner rule– Least Cost Method– Vogel’s approximation– Optimal Solution– Unbalanced Transportation Problems– Degeneracy in Transportation problems.

Assignment Problem: Mathematical Formulation. Comparison with Transportation Model. Hungarian Method. Unbalanced Assignment Problems.

Sequencing Problem: n jobs on 2 machines – n jobs on 3 machines – two jobs on m machines – n jobs on m machines.

Unit III

Simulation: Monte Carlo Method – Definition, Types, Advantages and Disadvantages and Limitations, Phases. Generation of Random Numbers – Mid-Square method. Monte Carlo method of Simulation and Applications.

Unit IV

The Acceptance Sampling Problem – Advantages and Disadvantages of Sampling – Types of Sampling Plans – Lot Formation – Random Sampling – Guidelines for using Acceptance Sampling.

Unit V

Acceptance Sampling by attributes: Single Sampling Plan for attributes – Definition of a single sampling plan – The OC Curve – Designing a single sampling plan with a specified OC curve – Rectifying inspection.

Core Paper – VIII - Elements of Mathematical Analysis - 234C4B

Unit I

Sets and Functions: Sets and Elements – Operations on Sets – Functions – Real Valued Functions – Equivalence – Countability – Real Numbers-least Upper Bounds.

Unit II

Sequences of Real Numbers: Definition of a Sequence and Subsequence – Limit of a Sequence – Convergent Sequence – Divergent Sequences – Bounded Sequences – Monotone Sequences.

Unit III

Operations on Convergent Sequences – Operations on Divergent Sequences – Limit Superior and Limit Inferior – Cauchy Sequences.

Unit IV

Series of Real Numbers: Convergence – Divergence – Series With Non-Negative Terms – Alternating Series – Conditional Convergence and Absolute Convergence – Tests for Absolute Convergence

Unit V

Limits and Metric Spaces: Limit of a Function on a Real Line – Metric Spaces – Limits in Metric Spaces – Continuous Functions on Metric Spaces – Function Continuous at a Point on the Real Line – Function Continuous on a Metric Space

Elective IV - Transform Techniques - 234E4A

Unit I

Laplace Transforms: Definition – Sufficient Condition for the Existence of Laplace Transforms (Without Proof) – Laplace Transform of Periodic Functions – Some General Theorems – Evaluation of Integrals Using Laplace Transform – Problems

Unit II

The Inverse Laplace Transforms: Application of Laplace Transforms to Ordinary Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients and Variable Coefficients – Simultaneous Equations – Equations Involving Integrals – Problems

Unit III

Fourier Series: Fourier Series – Expansion of Periodic Functions of Period 2 – Expansion of Odd and Even Functions – Half Range Fourier Series – Change of Intervals – Problems

Unit IV

Fourier Transforms: Fourier Transform – Infinite Fourier Transform (Complex Form) – Properties of Fourier Transforms.

Unit V

Fourier Transforms (Continued): Fourier Cosine and Sine Transform – Properties – Parseval’s Identity – Convolution Theorem – Problems

Environmental Studies

Unit I

Introduction to Environmental Studies
Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies;
Scope and importance; concept of sustainability and sustainable development.

Unit II

Ecosystem

What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of ecosystem; Energy flow in an
ecosystem:
Food chains, food webs and ecological succession, Case studies of the following
ecosystem:
a) Forest ecosystem
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Desert ecosystem
d) Aquatic ecosystem (ponds, stream, lakes, rivers, ocean, estuaries)

Unit III

Natural Resources : Renewable and Non – renewable Resources

Land resources and land use change: Land degradation, soil erosion and desertification.
 Deforestation : Causes and impacts due to mining, dam building on environment,
forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.
 Water : Use and over – exploitation of surface and ground water, floods, droughts,
conflicts over water ( international and inter-state).
Energy resources : Renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate
energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.

Unit IV

Biodiversity and Conservation

Levels of biological diversity: genetics, species and ecosystem diversity,
Biogeographic zones of India: Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots
India as a mega- biodiversity nation, Endangered and endemic species of India.
Threats to biodiversity: Habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man- wildlife conflicts,
biological invasions; Conservations of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation
of biodiversity.
Ecosystem and biodiversity services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic
and Informational value.

Unit V

Environmental Pollution

Environmental pollution: types, causes, effects and controls: Air, Water, soil and noise
Pollution.
 Nuclear hazards and human health risks
Solid waste management: Control measures of urban and industrial waste
Pollution case studies.

Unit VI

Environmental Policies & Practices

Climate change, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on
human communities and agriculture
Environment Laws: Environment Protection Act, Air (Prevention & Control of
Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution ) Act; Wildlife Protection
Act; Forest Conservation Act. International agreements: Montreal and Kyoto
protocols and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Nature reserves, tribal populations and rights, and human Wildlife conflicts in Indian
context.

Unit VII

Human Communities and the Environment

Human population growth, impacts on environment, human health and welfare.
Resettlement and rehabilitation of projects affected persons; case studies.
Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Environmental movements : Chipko, Silent Valley, Bishnois of Rajasthan.
Environmental ethics : Role of Indian and other religions and cultures in
environmental conservation.
Environmental communication and public awareness, case studies(e.g. CNG Vehicles
in Delhi)

Unit VIII

Field Work

Visit to an area to document environmental assets: river / forest/ flora/ fauna etc.
Visit to a local polluted site – Urban / Rural/ Industrial/ Agricultural.
Study of common plants, insects, birds and basic principles of identification.
Study of simple ecosystem- pond, river, Delhi Ridge etc.

Value Education

Unit I

Value education-its purpose and significance in the present world – Value system – The role
of culture and civilization – Holistic living – balancing the outer and inner – Body, Mind
and Intellectual level – Duties and responsibilities.

Unit II

Salient values for life – Truth, commitment, honesty and integrity, forgiveness and love,
empathy and ability to sacrifice, care, unity, and inclusiveness, Self esteem and self
confidence, punctuality – Time, task and resource management – Problem solving and
decision making skills – Interpersonal and Intra personal relationship – Team work –
Positive and creative thinking.

Unit III

Human Rights – Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Human Rights violations –
National Integration – Peace and non-violence – Dr.A P J Kalam’s ten points for
enlightened citizenship – Social Values and Welfare of the citizen – The role of media in
value building.

Unit IV

Environment and Ecological balance – interdependence of all beings – living and non-living.
The binding of man and nature – Environment conservation and enrichment.

Unit V

Social Evils – Corruption, Cyber crime, Terrorism – Alcoholism, Drug addiction – Dowry –
Domestic violence – untouchability – female infanticide – atrocities against women – How
to tackle them.

Naan Mudhalvan Course III / SEC VI

Semester V

Core Paper IX - Abstract Algebra - 334C5A

Unit I

Introduction to groups- Subgroups- cyclic groups – Lagrange’s Theorem-A counting principle –Examples

Unit II

Normal subgroups and Quotient group- Homomorphism Automorphism -Examples

Unit III

Cayley’s Theorem-Permutation groups – Examples

Unit IV

Definition and examples of ring- Some special classes of rings- homomorphism of rings- Ideals and quotient rings- More ideals and quotient rings.

Unit V

The field of quotients of an integral domain-Euclidean Rings The particular Euclidean Ring – Examples

Core Paper X - Real Analysis - 334C5B

Unit I

Continuous Functions on Metric Spaces, Open Sets – Closed Sets – Discontinuous Functions on R1 – Connectedness, Completeness and Compactness – More About Open Sets – Connected Sets.

Unit II

Bounded Sets and Totally Bounded Sets, Complete Metric Spaces – Compact Metric Spaces – Continuous Functions on a Compact Metric Space – Continuity of the Inverse Functions – Uniform Continuity

Unit III

Calculus: Sets of Measure Zero – Definition of Riemann Integral – Existence of Riemann Integral – Properties of Riemann Integral

Unit IV

Derivatives: Rolle’s Theorem – The Law of Mean – Fundamental Theorems of Calculus

Unit V

Taylor’s Theorem – Pointwise Convergence of Sequence of Functions – Uniform Convergence of Sequence of Functions.

Core Paper XI - Mathematical Modelling - 334C5C

Unit I

Mathematical Modelling: Simple situations requiring mathematical modelling – The Technique –Classification and some characteristics of mathematical models.

Unit II

Mathematical Modelling through differential equations: Linear Growth and Decay Models. Non-Linear growth and decay models, Compartment models

Unit III

Mathematical Modelling, through system of Ordinary differential equations of first order: Prey-predator models, Competition models, Model with removal and model with immigrations. Epidemics: simple epidemic model, Susceptible-infected- susceptible (SIS) model, SIS model with constant number of carriers. Medicine: Model for Diabetes Mellitus.

Unit IV

Introduction to difference equations.

Unit V

Mathematical Modelling through difference equations: Harrod Model, cob web model application to Actuarial Science

Core Paper XII - Project with Viva voce - 334C5D

Elective V - Optimization Techniques - 334E5A

Unit – I

Games And Strategies – Two – Person Zero Sum Game – Some Basic Terms – The Maximin-Minimax Principle – Games Without Saddle Points – Mixed Strategies – Graphical Solution Of 2xn And mx2 Games – Arithmetic Method For nxn Games

Unit – II

Inventory Control – Types of inventories – reasons for carrying inventories – the inventory decisions – objectives of scientific inventory control – costs associated with inventories – factors affecting inventory control – an inventory control problem – the concept of EOQ – Deterministic inventory problem with no shortages – Deterministric inventory problem with shortages – One period problem without setup cost.

Unit – III

Queueing Theory – Queueing system – Elements of queueing system – operating characteristics of queueing system – deterministic queueing system – probability distributions in queueing systems – classification of queueing models – definition of transient and steady states – models M/M/1:/FIFO and M/M/1: N/FIFO

Unit – IV

Network Scheduling( PERT / CPM) – Network – Basic components – logical sequencing – rules of network construction – concurrent activities – critical path analysis – probability
considerations in PERT – distinction between PERT and CPM

Unit – V

 Information Theory: Communication Process – A Measure of Information – Measures of Other Information Quantities – Channel Capacity, Efficiency and Redundancy – Encoding – Shannon-Fano Encoding Procedure – Necessary and Sufficient Condition for Noiseless Encoding.

Elective VI - Discrete Mathematics - 334E5D

Unit – I

Propositional Logic: Definition, Statements & Notation, Truth Values, Connectives, Statement Formulas & Truth Tables, Well formed Formulas, Tautologies, Equivalence of Formulas, Duality Law, Tautological Implications, Examples

Unit – II

Predicate Logic: Definition of Predicates; Statement functions, Variables, Quantifiers, Predicate Formulas, Free & Bound Variables; The Universe of Discourse, Examples, Valid Formulas &
Equivalences, Examples.

Unit – III

Lattices & Boolean Algebra: Properties of lattices – Lattice as Algebraic System-Sub lattices- lattice Homomorphism- Special Lattices – Boolean Algebra- sub algebra- Boolean Expression and
Boolean functions- expression of a Boolean function in canonical form logic Gates- Karnaugh Map Method

Unit – IV

Basics of Counting: The Pigeonhole Principle, Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Coefficients, Generalized Permutations and Combinations, Generating Permutations and
Combinations, Inclusion-Exclusion Principle.

Unit – V

 Formal Language: Introduction- Phrase –Structure Grammar- Types – BNF- Finite state Machine – Input output strings Finite state Automata

Naan Mudhalvan Course IV / SEC VII

Summer Internship / Industrial Training

Semester VI

Core Paper XIII - Linear Algebra - 334C6A

Unit I

Vector spaces – Subspaces – Linear Combinations and Linear span – System of linear equations – Elementary Matrices

Unit II

Linear Dependence and Linear independence – Bases – Dimensions – Homogenous Equations – Non-homogenous equations Row reduced – Echelon form.

Unit III

Linear transforms, null spaces and ranges – Matrix representation of a linear transformation – Invertibility and isomorphisms – Dual spaces.

Unit IV

Eigen values, Eigen vectors, Diagonalizability – Invariant subspaces – Cayley – Hamilton theorem.

Unit V

Inner Products Space: Inner Products and norms Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Process – Orthogonal complements

Core Paper XIV - Complex Analysis - 334C6B

Unit I

Analytic functions: Functions of a Complex variable –Limits –Theorem on limits –Continuity – Derivatives – Differentiation formulas – Cauchy Riemann equation – Sufficient conditions for
differentiability – Polar coordinates– Analytic functions– ExamplesHarmonic functions.

Unit II

Mappings – Mapping with exponentail function – Linear transformation – The transformation w= 1 – Mappings by 1 – Linear fractional transformations (bilinear) – An Implicit form.

Unit III

Complex Integration: Contour integrals–Examples – Simply and Multiply connected domains– Cauchy integral formula –Derivatives of Analytic Functions– Liouville’stheorem and Fundamental theorem of Algebra– Maximum modulus principle.

Unit IV

Sequences and Series: Convergence of sequences – Convergence of series– Taylor series –Examples- Laurent series– Examples- Absolute and uniform convergence of power Series

Unit V

Residues and Poles:– Residues – Cauchy Residue theorem – The three types of isolated singular points – Residues at poles- Examples – Zeros of analytical functions – Zeros and poles – Evaluation of Improper Integrals.

Core Paper XV - Mechanics - 334C6C

Unit I

Force: Newton’s laws of motion – Resultant of two forces ona particle – Equilibrium of a Particle: Equilibrium of a particle – Limiting equilibrium of a particle on an inclined plane.

Unit II

Forces on a Rigid Body: Moment of a Force – General motion of a body – Equivalent systems of forces- ParallelForces – Couples. A Specific reduction of Forces: Reduction of coplanar forces into a force and couple – Problems involving frictional forces.

Unit III

Work, Energy and Power: Work – Conservative field of force – Power. Rectilinear Motion under Varying Force: Simple Harmonic Motion – along a horizontal line – along a vertical line.

Unit IV

Projectiles: Forces on a projectile – Projectile projected on an inclined plane.

Unit V

Central Orbits: General orbits – Central orbit – Conic as a centered orbit

Elective Course – VII - Fuzzy Sets and Applications - 334E6B

Unit – I

Fuzzy Set Theory: Fuzzy Sets – Definition – Types of Fuzzy Sets–Characteristics of Fuzzy Sets.

Unit – II 

Other Important Operations – General Properties – Fuzzy vs Crisp – Operations on Fuzzy Sets – Some Important Theorems.

Unit – III

Extension Principle for Fuzzy Sets – Fuzzy Complements

Unit – IV

Fuzzy Relations and Fuzzy Graphs – Introduction – Projections and Cylindrical Fuzzy – Relations – Composition – Properties of Min-Max Compositions.

Unit –  V

Decision Making in Fuzzy Environment – Introduction – Individual Decision Making – Multi Person Decision Making

Elective Course – VIII - Programming in Python with Practical -334E6D

Unit – I

Computer systems – Python Programming Language Computational Thinking – Python Data Types: Expressions, Operator, Variables, and Assignments – Strings – Lists – Objects &
Classes – Python standard library.

Unit – II 

Imperative programming: Python modules – Built-in-function: print() function –eval() function – user-defined function & assignments – parameter passing.

Unit – III

Text Data, Files & Exceptions: Strings, revisited – formatted output – files – errors & Exceptions – Execution control Structures: decision control & the IF statement. For LOOP & Iteration Patterns – two-dimensional list- while loop – more loop patterns – additional iteration control statements – Container and Randomness: Dictionaries – other built-in container types – character encodings & strings – module random. Namespaces – encapsulation in functions – global vs. local namespaces exceptional flow control – modules as namespaces.

Unit – IV

NumPy Basics: Array and Vectorized Computation – A Multidimensional Array Object – Data Processing using Arrays, File Input and Output with Arrays – Linear Algebra – Random Number
Generation.

Unit –  V

Pandas – Data Structure – Essential Functionality – Handling Missing Data – Hierarchical Indexing – Data loading, Storage and File formats – Data wragling- Plotting and Visualization

Naan Mudhalvan Course V

Professional Competency Skill - Mathematics for Competitive Examinations & General Studies

Unit – I 

Simplifications – Averages – concepts – problems

Unit – II 

Simple Interest – Compound interest – concepts – problems

Unit – III

Time and work -short cuts – concepts – problems 

Unit – IV

Profit and Loss – short cuts – concepts – problems 

Unit – IV

Problems on numbers – short cuts – concepts – problems

Extension Activity